I tried everything: sonic devices, lawn sprays, gum, smoke bombs, cyanide, exlax, tobacco, cat litter, hair clippings; anything anyone suggested, I tried. I bought the hose that attaches to your tailpipe and pumps CO into the hole, I tried water…..one day I even saw a man standing over a gopher hole that had flames leaping out of it and I pulled over. He’d put gasoline down the hole and lit it. I said, “Does that work?”. He replied, “I don’t know, I’ve tried everything else!!”. Ross the Gopher Guy told me that gophers and moles just move away from these kinds of interventions. He said each gopher had about 3 off spring which can stay with mom for 2 months and then they need to move 30 feet away to start their own dens. That’s what was happening to my yard. Well, in the span of two weeks, he got them all. My dog would just make a mess of the yard and never caught one.